On April 5, 2012 President Obama signed the JOBS Act into law.  In my excitement over this ground-breaking new law, I have been zealously blogging about the Crowdfunding portion of the JOBS Act.  However, the JOBS Act impacts securities laws in many additional ways.  The following is a summary of the many ways the JOBS Act will amend current securities regulations, all in ways to support small businesses.

A.       The New “Emerging Growth Company” Category

The JOBS Act will create a new category of companies defined as “Emerging Growth Companies” (EGC).  An EGC will be defined as a company with annual gross revenues of less than $1 billion, that has been public and reporting for a minimum of five years and whose non-affiliated public float is valued at less than $700 million.  EGC’s will have reduced requirements associated with initial public offerings (IPO’s) and ongoing reporting requirements.  For many purposes, EGC’s will be allowed to use the less stringent reporting requirements now available for small public companies, defined as those with less than $75 million in revenues.

In particular, (i) EGC’s will only need to provide two years of audited financial statements instead of the now required three years; (ii) EGC’s can report executive compensation as a small business and will not be required to obtain shareholder approval for executive officer compensation; (iii) no internal control over financial reporting audit requirements; (iv) relief from compliance with new US GAAP accounting requirements; (v) confidential treatment of IPO filing documents until just 21 days prior to commencing a road show; (vi) elimination of restrictions on publishing analyst research and communications while IPO’s are underway.

B.        Amendments to Regulation A

The JOBS Act will increase the offering limit under Regulation A from $5million to $50 million and allow solicitation in association with a Regulation A offering.  A Regulation A offering involves the filing of a short form registration statement with the SEC, results in freely tradeable (unrestricted securities), but does not result in public reporting requirements.  That is, companies will now be able to use Regulation A to complete large private offerings, and then investors in the Regulation A offering will immediately be able to sell or transfer their interests using private company market places (PCMP’s).  A new public/private trading platform if you will.

And – my favorite:

C.        Crowdfunding

The following is a summary of the new crowdfunding rules:

(i)            Issuers are limited to raising no more than $1 million in any 12 month period (like the current Rule 504 exemption)

(ii)           Each investor is limited to the greater of $2,000 or 5% of their annual income if such income is $100,000 or less; or $100,000 or 10% of annual income for investors with an annual income in excess of $100,000

(iii)          Issuers must file a report with the SEC and provide investors with the report disclosing (a) financial statements (unaudited for offerings less than $500,000 and audited for over $500,000); (b) business description; (c) intended use of proceeds; (d) offering amount and term of offering; (e) pricing and method used to determine pricing; (f) management and bios of same; and (g) current ownership/capitalization

(iv)         Issuers will be required to file limited annual financial statements for a period after the offering;

(v)          offerings will need to be conducted through licensed intermediaries; intermediaries do not need to licensed broker dealers but will be required to be members of an SRO such as the new Crowdfund Intermediary Regulatory Association (CFIRA)

(vi)         advertising will be allowed in a limited fashion such as a tombstone ad directing investors to the licensed intermediary;

(vii)        securities sold will be subject to holding periods and resale restrictions

(viii)       only available to U.S. organized entities;

(ix)         only available to non-reporting entities;

(x)          pre-empts state law such as Rule 506 does now;

The Author

Attorney Laura Anthony,
Founding Partner, Legal & Compliance, LLC
Securities, Reverse Mergers, Corporate Transactions

Securities attorney Laura Anthony provides ongoing corporate counsel to small and mid-size public Companies as well as private Companies intending to go public on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board (OTCBB), now known as the OTCQB. For more than a decade Ms. Anthony has dedicated her securities law practice towards being “the big firm alternative.” Clients receive fast and efficient cutting-edge legal service without the inherent delays and unnecessary expense of “partner-heavy” securities law firms.

Ms. Anthony’s focus includes but is not limited to compliance with the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (”Exchange Act”) including Forms 10-Q, 10-K and 8-K and the proxy requirements of Section 14. In addition, Ms. Anthony prepares private placement memorandums, registration statements under both the Exchange Act and Securities Act of 1933, as amended (”Securities Act”). Moreover, Ms. Anthony represents both target and acquiring companies in reverse mergers and forward mergers, including preparation of deal documents such as Merger Agreements, Stock Purchase Agreements, Asset Purchase Agreements and Reorganization Agreements. Ms. Anthony prepares the necessary documentation and assists in completing the requirements of the Exchange Act, state law and FINRA for corporate changes such as name changes, reverse and forward splits and change of domicile.

Contact Legal & Compliance LLC for a free initial consultation or second opinion on an existing matter.

Although Regulation A is legally an exemption from the registration requirements contained in Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933, as a practical matter it is more analogous to registration than any other exemption. In particular, Regulation A provides for the filing of an offering prospectus which closely resembles a registration statement, with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The SEC then can, and often does, comment on the filing. Practitioners often refer to Regulation A as a short form registration.

Moreover, although the Regulation A offering prospectus does not go “effective” the regulation calls for “qualification” of the offering prospectus under circumstances that mirror those for effectiveness of a registration statement. For example, Rule 252(g) provides for the technical possibility of automatic qualification twenty days after filing the offering prospectus much the same as Section 8(a) for registration statements. Rule 252(g) also provides for a procedure to delay such effectiveness until the SEC declares the offering “qualified” much the same way as a registration statement’s automatic effectiveness can be delayed until the SEC declares it “effective”.

Regulation A and 134 Registration Statements

Regulation A mirrors registration in many other ways. For example, oral offers may be made after the offering prospectus is filed, just as with registration statements. Written offers must be accompanied by a preliminary offering prospectus, just as for registration statements, and advertising may be made on a limited basis in rules that match Rule 134 for registration statements.

Although Regulation A offerings have many things in common with registered offerings, they differ in many respects as well. One of the most important differences is that, in Regulation A offerings, an issuer may formally “test the waters” before the filing of an offering prospectus, by oral and written communications to potential buyers, designed to gauge interest in the offering. The written documents that may be used to “test the waters” are limited in content and must be filed with the SEC. Though a failure to file the document will not destroy the exemption if the document otherwise meets the Regulation A requirements.

Regulation A and Rule 504 Similarities

The limitations on the availability to use Regulation A are similar to Rule 504. In particular Regulation A is only available to US or Canadian companies. In addition, the issuer cannot be an Exchange Act reporting company or an investment company, and neither the Company nor is officers and directors can have had previous regulatory problems (the so called “bad boy” exclusion). The maximum dollar amount of securities that may be sold under Regulation A is $5 million in a twelve month period, of which $1.5 million can be sold by security holders.

Regulation A offerings generally require the same effort and cost as registered offerings.

Securities attorney Laura Anthony provides expert legal advice and ongoing corporate counsel to small public Companies as well as private Companies seeking to go public on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board Exchange (OTCBB). Ms. Anthony counsels private and small public Companies nationwide regarding reverse mergers, due diligence on public shells, corporate transactions and all aspects of securities law.

Ms. Anthony is the Founding Partner of Legal & Compliance, LLC, a national corporate, securities and civil litigation law firm based in West Palm Beach, Florida. The firm’s corporate and securities attorneys provide technical legal services to small and mid-size private and public (OTCBB) Companies, entrepreneurs, and business professionals nationwide. Contact us today for a FREE consultation!

The Securities Act of 1933 recognizes two broad types of exemptions to the registration requirements of Section 5, exempt securities and exempt transactions.

The Exempt securities are set forth in Sections 3(a)(1) – (8), (13) and (14) of the Securities Act. Exempt securities are continuously exempt from the registration requirements regardless of the nature of the transaction in which they may be offered, issued, sold or resold. Examples of exempt securities which may be publicly offered, issued, sold and resold by their issuers or any other person without registration include:

• Securities issued or guaranteed by the federal government;
• Any security issued or guaranteed by a bank;
• Commercial paper with a maturity of nine months or less;
• Securities issued by non-profit religious, educational or charitable organizations; and
• Insurance contracts

Exempt Transactions

The exempt transactions are set forth in Sections 3(a)(9), 3(b) and Section 4 of the Securities Act. Exempt transactions allow a security to be offered or sold in a particular transaction or circumstance or by a particular person or entity, although a subsequent offer or sale of the security could require registration under Section 5. Examples of exempted transactions include:

• Transactions by any person other than an issuer, underwriter or dealer (Section 4(1) – which permits most secondary trading of securities are form the basis for Rule 144)
• Transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering (Section 4(2) – often called the private placement exemption and is only available for use by the issuer and not for re-sale transactions)
• Brokers transactions (Section 4(3)); and
• An exchange of securities by an issuer with its existing security holders exclusively where no commission or other remunerations is paid or given (Section 3(a)(9) – conversion of convertible debt or equity securities and cashless exercises of warrants are typically accomplished using this exemption)

Examples of other common exemptions include:

• Offer or sales of a debtor through a bankruptcy court;
• Small offerings of less than $5 million under either Regulations A or D
• Offers and sales under written employee benefit plans (Rule 701); and
• Offshore offers and sales and Regulation S.

Of these exemptions the most commonly used are Regulations S, D and A. Regulation S is not technically an exemption but a jurisdictional provision regarding the reach of the Securities Act of 1933. In particular, Rule 901 provides “[F]or the purposes of Section 5 of the Act, the terms “offer to sell”, “sell”, “sale”, and “offer to buy” shall be deemed to include offers and sales that occur with the United States and shall be deemed not to include offers and sales that occur outside the United States.”

Regulation S

Regulation S covers (i) sales of securities to non-U.S. persons and to foreign securities markets by U.S. issuers, (ii) sales of securities to non-U.S. persons and in foreign securities markets by foreign issuers whose securities are not listed in the U.S. securities markets and which are non reporting companies under the Exchange Act, (iii) sales of securities to non-U.S. persons and in foreign securities markets by foreign issuers which are reporting companies under the Exchange Act, and (iv) resales of these securities.

Regulation D

Regulation D consists of eight (8) rules. Rule 501 through 503 contain definitions, conditions and other provisions that apply to Regulation D generally. Rules 504, 505 and 506 are the three current, specific exemptions from registration. Rule 504 provides an exemption for companies that are not subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act of 1934 for the offer and sale of up to $1 million of securities in a 12 month period. Rule 505 exempts offers by companies of up to $5 million of securities in a 12 month period as long as offers are made without general solicitation or advertising, and there are no more than 35 unaccredited purchasers.

Rule 506

Rule 506 is a safe harbor under the private placement exemption (Section 4(2)). There is no limit on the amount of securities that can be offered or sold, so long as (i) offers are made without general solicitation or advertising, and (ii) the sales are made only to accredited investors or no more than 35 unaccredited investors and all investors must be sophisticated.

Accredited investors are generally defined to include:

• Banks, insurance companies and pension plans;
• Corporations, partnerships and business entities with over $5 million in assets;
• Directors, executive officers and general partners of the issuer;
• Natural persons with over $1 million net worth or over $200,000 in annual income for two years; and
• Entities, all of whose equity owners are accredited.

Regulation A

Regulation A permits a public offering of up to $5 million by issuers, including up to $1.5 million by selling stockholders, within any 12 month period. Regulation A is only available to issuers who are not subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act. Affiliate resales are not permitted unless the issuer has had net income from continuing operations in one of its last two fiscal years.

Securities attorney Laura Anthony provides expert legal advice and ongoing corporate counsel to small public Companies as well as private Companies seeking to go public on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board Exchange (OTCBB). Ms. Anthony counsels private and small public Companies nationwide regarding reverse mergers, due diligence on public shells, corporate transactions and all aspects of securities law.

Ms. Anthony is the Founding Partner of Legal & Compliance, LLC, a national corporate, securities and civil litigation law firm based in West Palm Beach, Florida. The firm’s corporate and securities attorneys provide technical legal services to small and mid-size private and public (OTCBB) Companies, entrepreneurs, and business professionals nationwide. Contact us today for a FREE consultation!