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OTC Markets Listing Requirements

ナスダック、1株あたり0.10ドル銘柄の上場廃止の加速を提案

ナスダックは、同取引所で取引される低価格銘柄の数を減らすための継続的な取り組みの一環として、株価が0.10ドルを下回る銘柄の上場廃止手続きを迅速化することを目的に、最低入札価格規則の改正を提案しました。特に、ナスダックは、株価が10営業日連続で終値ベースで0.10ドル以下となった銘柄(以下「低価格銘柄」)について、企業がその他の入札価格要件を満たしているかどうかにかかわらず、当該銘柄に対して上場廃止通知を発行し、その取引を停止することを規定する規則5810条および5815条の改正を提案しています。

これは、2回目のコンプライアンス期間終了後も最低入札価格要件への適合を回復できなかった企業や、過去1年間に株式併合を実施した証券の上場廃止プロセスを迅速化する最近の規則改正に続くものです(参照)。ナスダックはこれに先立ち、最低入札価格を満たすために株式併合を利用することを制限する規則改正も実施しました。これは、株式併合によって最低ラウンドロット保有者数や公開流通株式数など、ナスダックの他の上場基準に違反する結果となる場合、そのような株式併合の利用を制限する内容です(参照)。  

背景

約1年前、私はナスダック上場における不備通知および上場廃止手続きの詳細を解説した3部構成のブログシリーズを執筆しました。参照, 参照 , 参照 をご覧ください。同ブログシリーズで解説したように、不備通知には3つの種類があります。(i) 即時上場廃止の決定につながる不備、(ii) ナスダックの審査のためにコンプライアンス計画を提出できる不備、(iii) 自動的な是正または遵守期間が与えられる不備です。

ナスダックの上場要件では、株式証券の**終値買気配価格(bid price)**は1株あたり1.00ドル以上を維持することが求められています。この要件は、ナスダック・キャピタル・マーケッツについてはルール5550、ナスダック・グローバルおよびグローバル・セレクト・マーケッツについてはルール5450に規定されています。企業が買気配価格要件を満たさないと判断されるには、その証券の取引価格が30営業日連続して1.00ドルを下回っている必要があります。

買気配価格の不備には、自動的な是正期間が設けられています。特に、規則5810は、「最低買気配価格の継続上場要件を満たしていないと判断されるのは、その不備が30営業日連続して継続した場合のみとする。当該不備があった場合、会社は速やかに通知を受け、当該通知から180暦日以内に適合を回復しなければならない。規則5810(c)(3)(H)に規定されているように、スタッフが裁量によりこの10営業日要件を延長しない限り、適用される適合期間中に少なくとも10営業日連続して適用基準を満たすことで、適合を達成することができる。」と規定している。

一般的に、企業は、最初のコンプライアンス期間(180日間)の最終日において、公開株式の時価総額に関する継続上場要件および入札価格要件を除くすべての適用初回上場要件を満たしている場合、追加の180日間のコンプライアンス期間を申請することができます。また、企業は、通常は株式併合を通じて是正を行う意向をナスダックに明示的に通知する必要があります。なお、企業が(例えば決算発表などで)適用される上場基準を満たしていないことを示す情報を公表している場合、追加のコンプライアンス期間を申請する資格はありません。

規則5810は次のように続きます。「前述にかかわらず、企業がコンプライアンス達成のために措置を講じ、その結果、当該企業の証券が他の上場要件の数値基準を下回った場合、当該他の上場要件に適用されるコンプライアンス期間の有無にかかわらず、当該企業は入札価格要件への適合を回復したものとはみなされない。このような場合、企業は以下の両方の条件を満たすまで非適合と見なされる。(i) その他の不備が是正されること、及び (ii) その後、企業が最低10営業日連続で入札価格基準を満たすこと。ただし、規則5810(c)(3)(H)に規定されているとおり、スタッフが裁量によりこの10営業日の期間を延長しない限り。企業が当初の入札価格不備に適用されるコンプライアンス期間内に(i)および(ii)の遵守を示さない場合、ナスダックはスタッフによる上場廃止決定通知書を発行する。」

ナスダックは、特定の状況下において、入札価格要件に関する非適合について、適用されるコンプライアンス期間を設けずに上場廃止手続きを迅速化することも認めています。ナスダック規則5810および5815は、以下のいずれかに該当する場合には、通常のコンプライアンス期間の有無にかかわらず、ナスダックが上場廃止決定を行うことができると規定しています。(i) 企業の証券の終値買気配が10営業日連続で0.10ドル以下となった場合(「低価格銘柄」)、(ii) 企業が入札価格要件を満たしておらず、過去2年間に累計で250株以上を1株にまとめる株式併合を1回以上実施している場合、(iii) 上場企業が継続上場のための入札価格要件を満たす目的で株式併合などの措置を講じた結果、最低ラウンドロット保有者数や公開流通株式数など、他の上場基準を下回ることとなった場合、または (iv) 企業が入札価格要件を満たしておらず、過去1年間に株式併合を実施している場合です。

提案された改正案 – 低価格銘

前述の「低価格株」と呼ばれる銘柄について、ナスダックは、企業の証券の終値が10営業日連続で0.10ドル以下となった場合、即時に上場廃止を決定する権限を有しています。現行の規定では、低価格株として上場廃止の対象となるためには、まず企業が入札価格要件に適合していない(すなわち、終値が30営業日連続で1.00ドルを下回っている)必要があります。今回の改正案では、過去30日間に株価が1.00ドルを上回る取引があった場合でも、10営業日連続で0.10ドルを下回って取引されている銘柄について、ナスダックが上場廃止を決定できるようになります。この改正により、株価が1.00ドル超から0.10ドル未満に急落した場合、上場廃止決定の通知が発行されるまでの期間が短縮されることになります。

さらに、提案されている規則5815の改正により、ナスダックは、上場廃止決定後の聴聞会パネルによる審査手続中であっても、当該企業の株式のナスダック市場での取引を直ちに停止できるようになります。具体的には、ナスダックは上場規則5815(a)(1)(B)(ii)eを新設し、通常は聴聞会の適時な請求があった場合、パネルによる書面決定が出るまで取引停止および上場廃止措置が一時的に保留されるという一般規定にかかわらず、低価格要件に違反した企業による請求に関する事項については、聴聞会の請求によっても取引停止の効力は停止されないと定めることを提案しています。言い換えれば、当該企業の株式は、当該審査手続中はOTCマーケットで取引されることになります。

さらに、この規則改正により、企業は最低10営業日連続で1.00ドルを超える取引を行うことで、低価格要件を再び遵守できることが明確化されます。ナスダックの審問委員会は、企業が適用されるすべての上場基準を遵守していると判断し、ナスダックでの取引を再開する権限を有します。

著者

ローラ・アンソニー弁護士

設立パートナー

アンソニー、リンダー&カコマノリス

企業法務および証券法務事務所

LAnthony@ALClaw.com

証券弁護士ローラ・アンソニー氏とその経験豊富な法律チームは、中小規模の非公開企業、上場企業、そして上場予定の非公開企業に対して継続的な企業顧問サービスを提供しています。ナスダックNYSEアメリカン、または店頭市場(例えばOTCQBOTCQX)で上場を目指す企業も対象です。20年以上にわたり、Anthony, Linder & Cacomanolis, PLLC(ALC)は、迅速でパーソナライズされた最先端の法的サービスをクライアントに提供してきました。当事務所の評判と人脈は、投資銀行、証券会社、機関投資家、その他の戦略的提携先への紹介など、クライアントにとって非常に貴重なリソースとなっています。当事務所の専門分野には、1933年証券法の募集・販売および登録要件の遵守(レギュレーションDおよびレギュレーションSに基づく私募取引、PIPE取引、証券トークン・オファリング、イニシャル・コイン・オファリングを含む)が含まれますが、これに限定されません。規制A/A+オファリング、S-1、S-3、S-8フォームの登録申請、S-4フォームによる合併登録、1934年証券取引法の遵守(フォーム10による登録、フォーム10-Q、10-K、8-Kおよび14C情報・14A委任状報告書)、あらゆる形態の株式公開取引、合併・買収(リバースマージャーおよびフォワードマージャーを含む)、ナスダックNYSEアメリカンを含む証券取引所のコーポレートガバナンス要件への申請および遵守、一般企業取引、一般契約および事業取引が含まれます。アンソニー氏と当事務所は、合併・買収取引において、買収対象企業と買収企業の双方を代理し、合併契約、株式交換契約、株式購入契約、資産購入契約、組織再編契約などの取引文書を作成します。ALC法務チームは、公開企業が連邦および州の証券法やSROs要件に準拠することを支援しており、15c2-11申請、社名変更、リバース・フォワードスプリット、本拠地変更などにも対応しています。アンソニー氏はまた、中堅・中小企業向けの業界ニュースのトップ情報源であるSecuritiesLawBlog.comの著者であり、企業財務に特化したポッドキャスト『LawCast.com: Corporate Finance in Focus』のプロデューサー兼ホストでもあります。当事務所は、ニューヨーク、ロサンゼルス、マイアミ、ボカラトン、ウェストパームビーチ、アトランタ、フェニックス、スコッツデール、シャーロット、シンシナティ、クリーブランド、ワシントンD.C.、デンバー、タンパ、デトロイト、ダラスなど、多くの主要都市でクライアントを代理しています。

アンソニー氏は、Crowdfunding Professional Association(CfPA)、パームビーチ郡弁護士会、フロリダ州弁護士会、アメリカ弁護士会(ABA)および連邦証券規制やプライベート・エクイティ・ベンチャーキャピタルに関するABA委員会など、さまざまな専門団体のメンバーです。パームビーチ郡およびマーティン郡のアメリカ赤十字社、スーザン・コーメン財団、オポチュニティ社(Opportunity, Inc.)、ニュー・ホープ・チャリティーズ、フォー・アーツ協会(Society of the Four Arts)、ノートン美術館、パームビーチ郡動物園協会、クラヴィス・パフォーミング・アーツ・センターなど、複数の地域社会慈善団体を支援しています。

アンソニー氏はフロリダ州立大学ロースクールを優秀な成績で卒業しており、1993年から弁護士として活動しています。

Anthony, Linder & Cacomanolis, PLLC にお問い合わせください。技術的な内容に関するご質問もいつでも歓迎いたします。

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Anthony, Linder & Cacomanolis, PLLCは、本情報を教育目的の一般情報として提供しています。本情報は一般的な内容であり、法的助言を構成するものではありません。さらに、本情報の利用や送受信は、当事務所との弁護士–依頼者関係を成立させるものではありません。したがって、本情報を通じて当事務所と行ういかなる通信も、特権または機密として扱われることはありません。

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Nasdaq Proposes To Accelerate The Delisting Of $0.10 Stocks

On September 3, 2025, Nasdaq proposed amendments to accelerate the suspension and delisting of a company that falls below any of the numeric listing requirements, including the bid price, market value of public float, equity, income and total assets/revenue requirements, and that has a Market Value of Listed Securities (“MVLS”) below $5 million.  On the same day, Nasdaq proposed amendments to its liquidity listing standards for the Nasdaq Capital Market and Nasdaq Global Market to increase the minimum Market Value of Unrestricted Publicly Held Shares (“MVUPHS”) requirement for those companies listing under the net income standard from $5 million to $15 million (see HERE).

This follows a series of final and proposed rule amendments increasing liquidity standards and accelerating delisting processes for small cap listed companies including: (i) an April rule amendment requiring that MVUPHS can only be satisfied through IPO proceeds and that shares registered for resale may no longer be counted (see HERE); (ii) a recent

SEC Spring 2025 Regulatory Agenda

The SEC has published its semi-annual Spring 2025 regulatory agenda (“Agenda”) and plans for rulemaking.  The Agenda is published twice a year, and for several years I have blogged about each publication.  Although items on the Agenda can move from one category to the next, be dropped off altogether, or new items pop up in any of the categories (including the final rule stage), the Agenda provides valuable insight into the SEC’s plans and the influence that comments can make on the rulemaking process.

The Agenda is broken down by (i) Prerule Stage; (ii) Proposed Rule Stage; (iii) Final Rule Stage; and (iv) Long-term Actions.  The Prerule, Proposed and Final Rule Stages are intended to be completed within the next 12 months and Long-term Actions are anything beyond that.  In what is the shortest Agenda I have seen, the number of items to be completed in a 12-month time frame is 23, down from 30 on the Fall 2024 Agenda

Rule 144 – A Deep Dive – Part 5 – Limitations On Amount Of Securities Sold

In this fifth installment of my series on Rule 144, I will continue discussing the various conditions for the use of the Rule, covering limitations on the amount of securities that may be sold.  In the first installment, I provided a high-level review of Rule 144 – see HERE ; in the second, I discussed definitions including the impactful “affiliate” definition – see HERE; in the third I reviewed the current public information requirements – see HERE; and in the fourth I covered holding periods – see HERE.

Conditions for Use of Rule 144

                General

Rule 144 provides certain conditions that must be met by selling affiliates and selling non-affiliates which conditions vary depending on whether the Issuer of the securities is a reporting or non-reporting company and whether the Issuer is or ever has been a shell company.  The high-level Rule 144 requirements for non-affiliates include: (i) holding period; (ii) availability of current public information; and

Rule 144 – A Deep Dive – Part 3 – Current Public Information

In this third installment of my series on Rule 144, I will begin discussing the various conditions for the use of the Rule, including the current public information requirement.  In the first installment, I provided a high-level review of Rule 144 – see HERE and in the second, discussed definitions including the impactful “affiliate” definition – see HERE.

Conditions for Use of Rule 144

                General

As set out in the first blog in this series, Rule 144 provides certain conditions that must be met by selling affiliates and selling non-affiliates which conditions vary depending on whether the Issuer of the securities is a reporting or non-reporting company and whether the Issuer or ever has been a shell company.  The high-level Rule 144 requirements for non-affiliates include: (i) holding period; (ii) availability of current public information; and (iii) no shell status ineligibility.  The high-level Rule 144 requirements for affiliates (i.e. holders of control securities) include: (i) holding

NASDAQ Proposes Amendment To Liquidity Listing Standard

On December 12, 2024, Nasdaq proposed an amendment to its liquidity listing standards for the Nasdaq Capital Market and Nasdaq Global Market such that the market value of unrestricted publicly held shares requirement could only be satisfied from the proceeds of the initial public offering.  That is, Nasdaq would no longer count shares registered for re-sale by existing shareholders towards satisfying this listing standard.  Nasdaq is also proposing to make similar changes affecting companies the uplist onto the Nasdaq from OTC Markets.

To list its securities on Nasdaq Capital Market or Nasdaq Global Market, a company is required to meet: (a) certain initial quantitative and qualitative requirements and (b) certain continuing quantitative and qualitative requirements.  The quantitative listing thresholds for initial listing are generally higher than for continued listing, thus helping to ensure that companies have reached a sufficient level of maturity prior to listing.  NASDAQ also requires listed companies to meet stringent corporate governance standards.

Listing

Introducing The OTCID

OTC Markets has announced the launch of a new market tier.  Effective July 2025, Pink Current will become the OTCID, a basic reporting market requiring companies to meet minimal current information disclosures and provide management certifications.  OTC Markets will still maintain the Pink Limited and Expert Market tiers for companies that do not qualify for the OTCID.  OTC Markets has not yet published all of the requirements for the OTCID, but I suspect they will be similar to the existing Pink Current, with the addition of the management certifications.

I support the change and new branding opportunity.  OTC Markets have struggled in recent years, primarily as a result of an inability for OTC Markets traded companies to obtain institutional financing or underwriter/placement agent banker support.  Forever the optimist, the change could be just what is needed to revitalize the OTC Markets as a venture market place for U.S. micro-cap companies.

OTCID

Currently, the OTC Markets divides issuers into

Commissioner Uyeda’s Statement On Dealer Litigation

On August 19, 2024, SEC Commissioner Mark T. Uyeda published a statement regarding one of the numerous defendants in SEC initiated enforcement proceedings claiming unlicensed dealer activity.  The statement resonates with the sentiments of most of my colleagues, peers and clients.

Background

In November 2017 the SEC shocked the industry when it filed an action against Microcap Equity Group, LLC and its principal alleging that its investing activity required licensing as a dealer under Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act.  Since that time, the SEC has filed numerous additional cases with the sole allegation being that the investor acted as an unregistered dealer.  In each case, the investor entity purchased convertible promissory notes from micro-cap OTC Markets issuers (or other existing note holders), which, after the applicable Rule 144 holding period, were converted into shares of common stock and sold on the open market.  As the securities were generally low priced, the conversions resulted in large quantities of additional

Cannabis Trade Association Makes Plea For National Exchange Listings

The American Trade Association for Cannabis and Hemp (ATACH) has published a policy paper urging the Nasdaq and New York Stock Exchange to allow U.S. cannabis operators that “touch the plant” to list on their respective Exchanges.  The current prohibition to listing is purely discretionary and not because of any regulatory action by the SEC or any other U.S. regulatory authority.  The policy paper, published November 7, 2022, outlines very convincing arguments for allowing U.S. operators to list on the National Exchanges.

The policy paper notes that up until now, the National Exchanges have refused to list these companies while cannabis remains federally illegal out of concerns that they could be charged with aiding and abetting violations of the U.S. Controlled Substances Act (“CSA”) or with money laundering by the receipt of listing fees.  As of the time of the publication of the policy paper, cannabis is legal in 37 states, D.C. and U.S. territories.  The ATACH rightfully asserts that

Public Market Listing Standards

One of the bankers that I work with often once asked me if I had written a blog with a side-by-side comparison of listing on Nasdaq vs. the OTC Markets and I realized I had not, so it went on the list and with the implementation of the new 15c2-11 rules, now seems a very good time to tackle the project.  I’ve added NYSE American to the list as well.

Quantitative and Liquidity Listing Standards

Nasdaq Capital Markets

To list its securities on Nasdaq Capital Markets, a company is required to meet: (a) certain initial quantitative and qualitative requirements and (b) certain continuing quantitative and qualitative requirements.  The quantitative listing thresholds for initial listing are generally higher than for continued listing, thus helping to ensure that companies have reached a sufficient level of maturity prior to listing.  NASDAQ also requires listed companies to meet stringent corporate governance standards.

Requirements Equity Standard  Market Value of

Listed Securities

Standard

Net
Read More »

OTC PINK Companies Now Qualify For Equity Line Financing

Without fanfare, the issuance of guidance, or any other formal notice, the SEC quietly changed its policy related to the filing of an at-the-market resale registration statement for an equity line financing by OTC Pink listed companies.  To be clear, an OTC Pink listed company may now utilize a re-sale registration statement on Form S-1 for an equity line financing transaction, pursuant to which the securities may be sold by the investor, into the market, at market price.  This results in a dramatic shift, for the better, for OTC Pink companies in the world of capital markets.

Background

Rule 415 sets forth the requirements for engaging in a delayed offering or offering on a continuous basis.  Under Rule 415 a re-sale offering may be made on a delayed or continuous basis other than at a fixed price (i.e., it may be priced at the market).  It is axiomatic that for a security to be sold at market price, there must

SEC Denies Expert Market – For Now

As the compliance date for the new 15c2-11 rules looms near, on August 2, 2021, in a very short statement, the SEC shot down any near-term hope for an OTC Markets operated “expert market.”  The SEC short statement indicated that a review of the proposed exemptive order that would allow the expert market is not on its agenda in the short term.  The SEC continued that “[A]ccordingly, on September 28, 2021, the compliance date for the amendments to Rule 15c2-11, we expect that broker-dealers will no longer be able to publish proprietary quotations for the securities of any issuer for which there is no current and publicly available information, unless an existing exception to Rule 15c2-11 applies.”

The statement acts as a great segue for a review as to just what those exceptions may be.  In addition, this blog will discuss the OTC Markets proposed expert market and finish with a broader refresher on the new 211 rules including the

OTC Markets; Rule 144; The SPCC

Small public companies are in trouble and they need help now!  Once in a while there is a perfect storm forming that can only result in widespread damage and that time is now for small public companies, especially those that trade on the OTC Markets.  The trains on track to collide include a combination of (i) the impending amended Rule 15c2-11 compliance deadline (which alone would be and is a clear positive); (ii) the proposed Rule 144 rule changes to eliminate tacking upon the conversion of market adjustable securities; (iii) the SEC onslaught of litigation against micro-cap convertible note investors claiming unlicensed dealer activity; (iv) the OTC Markets new across the board unwillingness to allow companies to move from the Pink to the QB if they have outstanding convertible debt; and (v) the SEC’s unwillingness to recognize the OTC Pink as a trading market and its implications on re-sale registration statements.

Any one of these factors alone would not

OTCQB And OTCQX Rule Changes

Effective October 1, 2020, the OTCQB and OTCQX tiers of OTC Markets have instituted amendments to their rules, including an increase in fees.

The OTC Markets divide issuers into three (3) levels of quotation marketplaces: OTCQX, OTCQB and OTC Pink Open Market. The OTC Pink Open Market, which involves the highest-risk, highly speculative securities, is further divided into three tiers: Current Information, Limited Information and No Information. Companies trading on the OTCQX, OTCQB and OTC Pink Current Information tiers of OTC Markets have the option of reporting directly to OTC Markets under its Alternative Reporting Standards.  The Alternative Reporting Standards are more robust for the OTCQB and OTCQX in that they require audited financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and audited by a PCAOB qualified auditor in the same format as would be included in SEC registration statements and reports.

As an aside, companies that report to the SEC under Regulation A and foreign companies that

The SEC Has Adopted Final Amendments To Rule 15C2-11; Major Change For OTC Markets Companies

Despite an unusual abundance of comments and push-back, on September 16, 2020, one year after issuing proposed rules (see HERE), the SEC has adopted final rules amending Securities Exchange Act (“Exchange Act”) Rule 15c2-11.   The primary purpose of the rule amendment is to enhance retail protection where there is little or no current and publicly available information about a company and as such, it is difficult for an investor or other market participant to evaluate the company and the risks involved in purchasing or selling its securities.  The SEC believes the final amendments will preserve the integrity of the OTC market, and promote capital formation for issuers that provide current and publicly available information to investors.

From a high level, the amended rule will require that a company have current and publicly available information as a precondition for a broker-dealer to either initiate or continue to quote its securities; will narrow reliance on certain of the rules

NYSE, Nasdaq And OTC Markets Offer Relief For Listed Companies Due To COVID-19

In addition to the SEC, the various trading markets, including the Nasdaq, NYSE and OTC Markets are providing relief to trading companies that are facing unprecedented challenges as a result of the worldwide COVID-19 crisis.

NYSE

The NYSE has taken a more formal approach to relief for listed companies.  On March 20, 2020 and again on April 6, 2020 the NYSE filed a notice and immediate effectiveness of proposed rule changes to provide relief from the continued listing market cap requirements and certain shareholder approval requirements.

Recognizing the extremely high level of market volatility as a result of the COVID-19 crisis, the NYSE has temporarily suspended until June 30, 2020 its continued listing requirement that companies must maintain an average global market capitalization over a consecutive 30-trading-day period of at least $15 million.  Likewise, the NYSE is suspending the requirement that a listed company maintain a minimum trading price of $1.00 or more over a consecutive 30-trading-day period,

OTCQB And OTC Pink Rule Changes

In December 2019 the OTC Markets updated its Pink Disclosure Guidelines and Attorney Letter Agreement and Guidelines.  The Pink disclosure guidelines and attorney letter apply to companies that elect to report directly to OTC Markets pursuant to its Alternative Reporting Standard.  Furthermore, in January 2020 OTC Markets amended the OTCQB standards related to the disclosure of convertible debt and notification procedures for companies undergoing a change in control.  The OTCQB also updated its criteria for determining independence of directors, and added additional transfer agent requirements for Canadian Companies.

The OTC Markets divide issuers into three (3) levels of quotation marketplaces: OTCQX, OTCQB and OTC Pink Open Market. The OTC Pink Open Market, which involves the highest-risk, highly speculative securities, is further divided into three tiers: Current Information, Limited Information and No Information. Companies trading on the OTCQX, OTCQB and OTC Pink Current Information tiers of OTC Markets have the option of reporting directly to OTC Markets under its Alternative

Nasdaq Extends Direct Listings

The Nasdaq Stock Market currently has three tiers of listed companies: (1) The Nasdaq Global Select Market, (2) The Nasdaq Global Market, and (3) The Nasdaq Capital Market. Each tier has increasingly higher listing standards, with the Nasdaq Global Select Market having the highest initial listing standards and the Nasdaq Capital Markets being the entry-level tier for most micro- and small-cap issuers.  For a review of the Nasdaq Capital Market listing requirements, see HERE as supplemented and amended HERE.

On December 3, 2019, the SEC approved amendments to the Nasdaq rules related to direct listings on the Nasdaq Global Market and Nasdaq Capital Market. As previously reported, on February 15, 2019, Nasdaq amended its direct listing process rules for listing on the Market Global Select Market (see HERE).

Interestingly, around the same time as the approval of the Nasdaq rule changes, the SEC rejected amendments proposed by the NYSE big board which would have allowed

OTCQX Rule Changes

Effective December 12, 2019, the OTC Markets has implemented changes to the initial and continued quotation requirements for companies listed on the OTCQX.  The amendments (i) allow certain qualifying companies to use their regular securities counsel for a letter of introduction in place of an OTCQX sponsor; (ii) establish procedures for a company effecting a change of control; (iii) enhance corporate governance requirements, refine the definition of an “independent director,” and provide for a phase in for compliance with these new provisions; (iv) require Canadian companies to utilize a transfer agent participating in the Transfer Agent Verified Shares Program by April 1, 2020, and (iv) require U.S. companies to disclose all convertible debt.  The last rule changes were implemented in May, 2019 – see HERE.

Amended Rules for U.S. Companies

OTC Sponsor

An SEC reporting company with a class of securities that has been publicly traded for at least one year may submit a written application to

SEC Solicits Input To Improve Markets For Thinly Traded Securities

On October 17, 2019, the SEC made a statement inviting stock exchanges and market participants to submit “innovative proposals designed to improve the secondary market structure for exchange listed equity securities that trade in lower volumes, commonly referred to as ‘thinly traded securities.’” On the same day the SEC issued a staff background paper on the subject.  The SEC is not asking for input on how a company can better promote its stock and gain investor awareness, but rather how the capital market system, including trading rules and regulations, can be amended or improved to benefit thinly traded securities.

The staff background paper cites many statistics on the number of thinly traded securities, which they define as trading less than 100,000 shares daily.  It also refers to the U.S. Department of the Treasury report entitled “A Financial System That Creates Economic Opportunities; Capital Markets” – see HERE for a summary of the report.  As a result of

SEC Proposes Amendments To 15c2-11

As anticipated, on September 26, 2019, the SEC published proposed amendments to Securities Exchange Act (“Exchange Act”) Rule 15c2-11.  The purpose of the rule amendment is to enhance retail protection where there is little or no current and publicly available information about a company and as such, it is difficult for an investor or other market participant to evaluate the company and the risks involved in purchasing or selling its securities.  The SEC release also includes a concept release regarding information repositories and a possible regulatory structure for such entities.  The SEC believes the proposed amendments will preserve the integrity of the OTC market, and promote capital formation for issuers that provide current and publicly available information to investors.

The proposed rules entail a complete overhaul of the rule and its exceptions are complicated and, if enacted, will require the development of a new infrastructure, compliance procedures and written supervisory procedures at OTC Markets, new compliance procedures and

Rule Changes For OTCQB And OTCQX

Effective April 16, 2019, the OTC Markets has implemented rule changes for companies listed on the OTCQB.  Effective May 2, 2019, OTC Markets has implemented changes to the initial and continued quotation requirements for companies listed on the OTCQX.  This is the second set of amendments implemented this year.  Effective January 19, 2019, OTC Markets amended its rules to require all U.S.-incorporated OTCQB and OTCQX companies to provide verified share data through a transfer agent that participates in its Transfer Agent Verified Shares Program.  See my blog HERE, which includes an as of then up to date summary of the OTCQX initial and ongoing listing requirements.

OTCQX Amendments

The May 2019 OTCQX amendments: (i) add a 10% freely tradeable public float requirement; (ii) amend the SPAC qualifications to require a $20 million public float replacement the former $25 million net tangible asset requirement; (iii) adding that in the event that the company’s closing bid price falls below

Rule Changes for OTCQB and OTCQX

Effective January 19, 2019, OTC Markets will require that all U.S.-incorporated OTCQB and OTCQX companies provide verified share data through a transfer agent that participates in its Transfer Agent Verified Shares Program. The Transfer Agent Verified Shares Program allows transfer agents to provide regular updated information on the number of authorized and outstanding shares to OTC Markets via a secure electronic file transfer.

The share data is used to ensure compliance with the OTCQB and OTCQX listing requirements, by broker-dealers and clearing firms and by investors in making investment decisions, keeping track of dilution, and ensuring compliance with Sections 13 and 16 of the Securities Exchange Act (see HERE). For a complete review of the OTCQB listing standards, see HERE. For a complete review of the OTCQX listing standards, see below.

Share data provided by participating transfer agents appears alongside a “Transfer Agent Verified” logo on the OTC Markets website. The authorized and outstanding share amounts

The OTCQB Has Added Additional Quantitative Listing Standards

On May 20, 2018, the OTC Markets Group published the OTCQB Standards version 3.0 incorporating amendments to the OTCQB initial and ongoing listing standards to add further quantitative shareholder and public float requirements. The new standards went into effect on May 20, 2018 for new listing applications. Existing OTCQB traded companies have until May 20, 2020 to comply with the new requirements.

The amended listing standards now require that an applicant company:

  1. Have at least 50 beneficial shareholders holding at least one round lot (100 shares) each;
  2. Have a freely tradeable public float of at least 10% of the total issued and outstanding shares of the tradeable class of securities. OTC Markets may allow an exemption from this requirement for companies with a public float above 5% of total issued and outstanding and whose market value of public float is above $2 million or for a company that has a separate class of securities trading on a national exchange. Any
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OTC Markets Group Establishes A Stock Promotion Policy

As OTC Markets Group continues to position itself as a respected venture trading platform, it has adopted a new stock promotion policy and best practices guidelines to improve investor transparency and address concerns over fraudulent or improper stock promotion campaigns. The stock promotion policy and best practices guidelines are designed to assist companies with responsible investor relations and to address problematic issues. Recognizing that fraudulent stock promotion is a systemic problem requiring an all-fronts effort by industry participants and regulators, the new policy focuses on transparency and disclosure of current information, and the correction of false statements or materially misleading information issued by third parties.

For several years, OTC Markets Group has been delineating companies with a skull-and-crossbones sign where they have raised concerns such as improper or misleading disclosures, spam campaigns, questionable stock promotion, investigation of fraudulent or other criminal activity, regulatory suspensions or disruptive corporate actions. While labeled with a skull and crossbones, a company that does not

FINRA Proposes Expansion Of The OTCBB

In August 2016, FINRA quietly requested comment on a proposal to expand the now largely dormant OTC Bulletin Board quotation service (“OTCBB”) as a backup inter-dealer quotation system for OTC Equity securities. As part of the proposal, the OTCBB would be renamed and branded as the Over the Counter Display Facility or “ODF.” Previously, on October 7, 2014, the SEC published a release instituting proceedings to determine whether to approve FINRA’s request to delete the rules related to, and the operations of, the OTCBB. My blog on the proposal can be read HERE.

However, on March 12, 2015, FINRA withdrew the proposed rule change and request to delete the OTCBB. Although the March 12, 2015 withdrawal did not cite reasons, in its new request for comment, FINRA indicates it withdrew the proposal in response to SEC staff requests that FINRA continue to operate alternative quotation facility.

Since that time the OTCBB has remained largely relatively dormant. According

OTC Markets Amends Listing Standards For OTCQB To Allow Non-Reporting Issuers

Effective May 18, 2017, the OTC Markets has amended its qualification rules for the OTCQB to allow quotation by companies that follow its alternative reporting standard (“Alternative Reporting Standard”). OTC Markets aligned the new requirements with the existing OTCQX Alternative Reporting Standard requirements. In addition, the OTC Markets made clarifying amendments to its rules, amended the rules related to the timing of removal for delinquent filers, and revised the rules for international reporting companies.

Highlights of Changes

To qualify for the OTCQB using the Alternative Reporting Standard, a company must file audited financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP by a PCAOB qualified auditor, have a minimum bid price of $0.01, not be subject to bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings, and maintain corporate governance including (i) have a board of directors that includes a minimum of two independent directors, and (ii) have an audit committee comprised of a majority of independent directors.

The cure period for delinquent filings has

OTC Markets Petitions The SEC To Expand Regulation A To Include SEC Reporting Companies

On June 6, OTC Markets filed a petition for rulemaking with the SEC requesting that the SEC amend Regulation A to expand the eligibility criteria to include all small issuers, including those that are subject to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) reporting requirements and to allow “at-the-market offerings.”

Background

On March 25, 2015, the SEC released final rules amending Regulation A. The new Regulation A creates two tiers of offerings.  Tier I of Regulation A, which does not preempt state law, allows offerings of up to $20 million in a twelve-month period.  Due to difficult blue sky compliance, Tier 1 is rarely used.  Tier 2, which does preempt state law, allows a raise of up to $50 million.  Issuers may elect to proceed under either Tier I or Tier 2 for offerings up to $20 million.  The new rules went into effect on June 19, 2015 and have been gaining traction ever since.  Since that time, the

OTC Markets Amends IPO Listing Standards for OTCQX

OTC Markets has unveiled changes to the quotations rule and standards for the OTCQX, which proposed changes are scheduled to become effective on June 13, 2016.  The proposed amendments are intended to address and accommodate companies completing an IPO onto the OTCQX and which accordingly have no prior trading history.  Such entities either would have a recently cleared Form 211 with FINRA or are completing the 211 application process through a market maker, at the time of their OTCQX application.  The initial qualification changes apply to OTCQX Rules for U.S. Companies, U.S. Banks and International Companies.

The OTCQX previously amended its listing standards effective January 1, 2016 to increase the quantitative criteria for listing and to add additional qualitative requirements further aligning the OTCQX with a national stock exchange.  To read my blog on the January 1, 2016 amendments see HERE.

The new amendments will (i) allow companies that meet the $5 bid price test to use unaudited, interim

OTC Markets Amends Listing Standards For OTCQB To Include Regulation A+ Issuers

OTC Markets has unveiled changes to the quotations rule and standards for the OTCQB, which changes become effective July 10, 2015.  The OTC Markets rule amendments will allow a company to use its required Regulation A+ ongoing reporting requirements to satisfy the initial and ongoing OTCQB disclosure requirements.

Concurrently with this substantive amendment, OTCQB has made clarifying general amendments to its listing standards for all listed and prospective OTCQB companies.  OTC Markets has invited comments on the proposed changes. 

To summarize, the Regulation A related amendment to the OTCQB rules and regulations includes:

  • The addition of definitions for “Regulation A” and “Regulation A Reporting Company”
  • Initial Disclosure Obligations – a Regulation A Reporting Company can meet the OTCQB initial disclosure obligations by having filed all required reports on EDGAR, including annual audited financial statements;
  • OTCQB Certification – clarifying amendment to the OTCQB Certification including that a Regulation A Reporting Company is required to file periodic reports with the SEC under
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Going Public Transactions For Smaller Companies: Direct Public Offering And Reverse Merger

Introduction

One of the largest areas of my firms practice involves going public transactions.  I have written extensively on the various going public methods, including IPO/DPOs and reverse mergers.  The topic never loses relevancy, and those considering a transaction always ask about the differences between, and advantages and disadvantages of, both reverse mergers and direct and initial public offerings.  This blog is an updated new edition of past articles on the topic.

Over the past decade the small-cap reverse merger, initial public offering (IPO) and direct public offering (DPO) markets diminished greatly.  The decline was a result of both regulatory changes and economic changes.  In particular, briefly, those reasons were:  (1) the recent Great Recession; (2) backlash from a series of fraud allegations, SEC enforcement actions, and trading suspensions of Chinese companies following reverse mergers; (3) the 2008 Rule 144 amendments, including the prohibition of use of the rule for shell company and former shell company shareholders; (4) problems

OTC Markets Quotation Levels, Listing Requirements, and Comprehensive Pubco Criteria

OTC Markets divide issuers into three (3) levels of quotation marketplaces: OTCQX, OTCQB and OTC Pink.  The OTC Pink, which involves the highest-risk, highly speculative securities, is further divided into three tiers: Current Information, Limited Information and No Information.   This page provides a summary of the listing requirements for each level of quotation on OTC Markets.

OTCQX

The OTCQX divides its listing criteria between U.S. companies and International companies, though they are very similar.  The OTCQX has two tiers of quotation for U.S. companies: (i) OTCQX U.S. Premier (also eligible to quote on a national exchange); and (ii) OTCQX U.S. and two tiers for International companies: (i) OTCQX International Premier; and (ii) OTCQX International.  Quotation is available for American Depository Receipts (ADR’s) or foreign ordinary securities of companies traded on a Qualifying Foreign Stock Exchange, and an expedited application process is available for such companies.

Issuers on the OTCQX must meet specified eligibility requirements.  Moreover, OTC Markets have the discretionary

OTCQX Listing and Quotation Eligibility and Requirements for International Companies

ABA Journal’s 10th Annual Blawg 100

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On May 23, 2014, OTC Markets Group, Inc., published its updated OTCQX Rules for International Companies version 6.7.  This blog summarizes those rules.  A complete copy of the rules is available on the OTC Link website, otcmarkets.com.

Background

The www.otcmarkets.com divides issuers into three (3) levels: OTCQX, OTCQB and OTC Pink.

The OTCQX has two tiers of quotation for U.S. companies: (i) OTCQX International Premier; and (ii) OTCQX International.  International issuers on the OTCQX must meet specified eligibility requirements.  Quotation is available for American Depository Receipts (ADR’s) or foreign ordinary securities of companies traded on a Qualifying Foreign Stock Exchange.

International issuers on the OTCQB must either be fully reporting and current in their SEC reporting obligations or qualify for the Rule 12g3-2(b) exemption from SEC registration for foreign private issuers.  In addition, OTCQB entities must meet minimum price standards, file annual reports and pay annual fees, but do not undergo additional quality

OTCQX Listing and Quotation Eligibility and Requirements for U.S. Companies

On February 13, 2014, OTC Markets Group, Inc., published its OTCQX Rules For U.S. Companies version 6.5.  This blog summarizes those rules.  A complete copy of the rules are available on the OTC Link website, otcmarkets.com.

Background

The www.otcmarkets.com divides issuers into three (3) levels: OTCQX, OTCQB and OTC Pink.

The OTCQX has two tiers of quotation for U.S. companies: (i) OTCQX U.S. Premier (also eligible to quote on a national exchange); and (ii) OTCQX U.S. issuers on the OTCQX must meet specified eligibility requirements, which interestingly do not include a requirement as to being subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) for OTCQX U.S.  Moreover, OTC Markets has the discretionary authority to allow quotation to substantially capitalized acquisition entities that are analogous to SPAC’s.

Issuers on the OTCQB must be fully reporting and current in their SEC reporting obligations, meet minimum price standards, file annual reports and pay annual fees, but do

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